Coktstetiction



sIMoNwILLARD, or cINcINNA`T1,` OHIO.

CONSTRUCTION. 0F METALLIC BUILDINGS.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 7,993, datedMarch 18, `1851.

To allfwhomz'tma'y concern:

"Be it knownthat I, SIMON WILLARD, of the city of Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in the Manner of Constructing Metallic Buildings;

and I do hereby declare the following to be` a full and clear `description thereof, refer- `encebeing had to the annexed drawings,

making part of this specification.

Figure 1 represents an end elevation of a one story building. Fig. 2 is an eleva-tion f the side ofditto. `Fig. `Slis a horizontal sectional view,"y showing the manner of connecting the vertical flanged plates which formf the sides of the house. Fig. l is a horizontal sectional view, showing the lining or casing of the interior of the building,`and

its connection with the flanged sheets of iron which form the'sides of the building. Fig. 5 is avertical transverse section of the building. Fig.6 is a perspective view of oneof the flange binders.` Figi' represents an outside sectionalfelevationof a two story `building, showing the manner of connecting the flanged sheets of the upper tothe flanged sheets of the lower story, and also `the manner of connecting the ceiling and roof with thefflanged sheets ofthe upper story.` Fig. 8 is an inside view of Fig. 7. Fig. 9 is a vertical sectionof ditto. Fig. `Il() is a plan of one of the metallic sheets, which form the sides and flooring of the house, before beingflanged.

Where the same letters of referenceoccur on` the several figures they indicate thesame parts. c The nature of *my improvements consists in the manner of constructing metallic `buildings so as to possess great strength, durability,` security,eco`nomy, and be perfectly fire and water prooff To enable others `to construct buildings after my plan I shall proceed to describe its construction. The `foundation of the`building may be made in the usual manner; `and providedwith la horizontal `frame A of-longitudinal and transverse sills of the size and form of the intended building to which the flanged sheets aresecured.

B are the sheets of iron whichcompose the sides of` the building, i being equal in length to the height "of the side'of the house. The vertical and lower edges of these plates are `bent at right angles (when adapted for single story buildings) forming flanges C, D,

by which they are bolted to the foundation frame A, and `to each other, the vertical l flanges C when secured `together form a ver` tical brace andv impart strength to the sheets of iron which `form the sides of the building;` these flanges also serve tol secure up` right pieces and plates; they also act as Vertical posts aswell as buttresses and braces and enable the constructor to dispense with walls and framing-the sheets thus flanged and united serving as the frame and the siding.y The flanges C, D, project inward: thoseat the base of thebuilding are secured firmly to the" foundation frame A-as seen inFigs. 3 and 5. i

In order toincrease the vertical strength i of the sheets of iron, and to render their ,joints more secureand also to effectually exclude the air V shaped binders or saddle `plates `E are employed to embrace the flanges C fromtop to bottom beingfirmly confined befurther braced by upright studs Gr se` cured to `the flange binders by the same screw bolts which confinef the flanges as seen in Figs. 3 and "5. Thefloor `is constructed on the same principle-the sheets of `iron H being placed parallel to each other having their edges turned at right angles to form flanges and provided withV shaped flange binders I, the` inner ends of the sheets of iron H lbeingflanged` and provided with V shaped "flange binders J, bolted with screw bolts and nuts g-while their outer endsfare supported upon the flanges D of the vertical side sheets B, as seen in 5. y

The corners of the building aregformed in the-following manner: The outer edges of the front and rear, corner sheets B2 are bent around the upright postsK, and then parallel to theface of the sheet to form flanges L corresponding with those on the sheets of iron 4to `which they are bolted, :as seen in Fig. 3. Each corner sheet or plate B2 is provided with upright posts K, secured by screw i bolts passing through the binders,

flanges,and into the posts by which :the cori The roof is constructed of metallic sheets M, extending from lthe eaves to the ridge of the building-their edges being turned at right angles upward forming flanges,-the ends of the metallic plates M, at the ridge of the roof on one side overlap those of the other side and thus form a tight joint while their lower ends project over the upper ends of the side plates and form the eaves as seen in Fig. 5, to which a gutter is secured in any suitable and proper manner. The flanges of these metallic plates M are provided with saddle plates or flange binders N resembling an inverted V which embrace the flanges and close the joints effectually against the weather. These flange binders N are secured firmly to the flanges of the metallic sheets M by screw bolts O, passing horizontally through the same at their ends and between their ends at suitable distances apart. The outside sheets of iron, or those next the gable ends seen in Fig. 2, are turned up at right angles to confine the water and prevent its passing over the pediments. The pedinients P may be formed of sheets of iron and provided with oval or other shaped openings which serve as windows. The roof is braced and sustained in the following manner; the flange binders E at the sides of the building are made to project upward and fit between the flanges of the metallic sheets M of the roof through which the confining screw bolts O2 pass and by which a strong connection of the vertical flange binders E, with those of the roof, is formedbeing secured from spreading by tie plates.

Q, Q, are horizontal tie plates or bars having their outer ends secured between the upper ends of the vertical flange binders E,

and also between the flange binders of the roof b y means of confining screw bolts, and extend to the center of the building and lap each ,other and connect to the ends of vertical suspensionbars R by screw bolts S, the upper ends of said suspension bars R being secured between the ends of the flange binders N by confining screw bolts, O3. Thus it will be seen that by the connection of the vertical flange binders E, and flanged sheets of iron M of the roof and binders N by means of strong screw bolts passing horii therefrom and turned at right angles to which the lining V is secured, thus forming a chamber between the flanged sheets of iron B and lining V and giving to the inside of the room a neat appearance.

Figs. 7, 8 and 9 show sectional views of a building constructed with two stories of iron sheets flanged.

The essential feature of a two story building differing from a one story building consists mainly in the manner of connecting them together. This is effected by extending the flange binders V of the upper story below the same a suflicient distance to embrace and be bolted firmly to the flanges of the sheets of iron of the lower story, and thus form a strong and durable connection by means of screw bolts and nuts, of the upper and lower story.

Fig. 10 represents a plan of one of the sheets of iron which form the sides of the building-the corners having been notched and the holes for the screw bolts which secure the flange binders punched by a machine for that purpose, after which it is flanged in the same machine adapted for punching and thus all the plates are punched and flangedalike,-the flange binders being also in the same manner punched and bent in the form of a V to embrace and confine the flanges of the metallic sheets.

In order to protect my metallic building from the effects of lightning there is secured at the base of the four sides of the building right angled plates W, attached to the lower flanges of the side metallic sheets B, and projecting down into the earththus forming an effectual electrical conductor.

Having thus described the nature of my improvements in the construction of metallic buildings, what I claim as new and of my own invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. Carrying up the vertical U shaped flange binders between the flanges of the roof plates, to which they are attached, thus supporting the roof, and binding it firmly to the building.

2. I also claim such binders attached in such a manner in connection with the tie plates or rods Q, attached at the same spot between the flanges-and by the same bolts, and this I claim whether the suspension bars R be employed or not.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name'before two subscribing witnesses SIMON WILLARD. Witnesses l/VM. P. ELLIOT, NATHANIEL M. CLARK. 

